@article {126, title = {Medication therapy during the holy month of Ramadan}, journal = {Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biomedical Reports}, volume = {5}, year = {2019}, month = {July 2019}, pages = {56-64}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {56}, abstract = {

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to explore the switching of oral drug therapy from regular days to the Ramadan days. Methods: We performed extensive search on 50 databases. Studies such as meta-analysis, randomized controlled studies and observational studies published in English language with human participants during the month of May 2017 were included in this study. The search terms included {\textquotedblleft}Ramadan, fasting and medication,{\textquotedblright} {\textquotedblleft}Therapy and type of disease,{\textquotedblright} or {\textquotedblleft}Medication based on therapeutics class.{\textquotedblright} The medication list used to switch the medications from regular days to Ramadan days. It was based on best literature found. The literature included the comparative safety and efficacy studies and cost of type of medication for each disease studies and national or international evidence-based guidelines of switching short half-life medications to long half-life. The medication list included drug name, general dosing and frequency of administration during regular and Ramadan days. All medications should be registered at the Ministry of Health (MOH) drug formulary or registered in the Saudi Food and Drug Authority. Results: A total of 710 were shortlisted based on the extensive search with specific terms. Of those, 104 were duplicate studies and therefore were omitted from further analysis. A total of 606 studies were unique and were further evaluated. Ninety-two studies discussed about medications related to diabetes mellitus and Ramadan; 27 studies discussed about the anti-psychiatric medications and Ramadan; 27 studies investigated gastrointestinal medications and Ramadan; 30 studies discussed about the various antibiotics and Ramadan; 30 studies discussed about the cardiovascular medications and Ramadan; 15 studies discussed about the medications for asthma and rheumatoid arthritis and Ramadan; and finally, 402 studies discussed about other diseases and Ramadan. There were no randomized controlled studies regarding switching of drug dosing from regular days to Ramadan days. The suggested draft about switching of 171 drug therapy from regular to the holy month of Ramadan designed and registration status in the MOH formulary and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia based on the best available literature from common illnesses including cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases and psychiatric illness. Conclusion: The literature of drug therapy during Ramadan is seldom found and there is no randomized clinical trial to validate the usage of medication during Ramadan. This is the review of medication used for common diseases infectious diseases, cardiovascular system, psychiatry and gastrointestinal system during the holy month of Ramadan with the first suggestion draft of switch drug therapy from regular days to Ramadan days.

}, keywords = {Medication, Ramadan, Therapy}, doi = {10.5530/PTB.2019.5.10}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Sultan Mohammed Al-Jarallah and Aljohara Abdullah Adouh and Meshael Ibrahim Alghuraibi} } @article {124, title = {Ramadan Pharmaceutical Care System at the Ministry of Health Institutions, Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biomedical Reports}, volume = {5}, year = {2019}, month = {July 2019}, pages = {49-55}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {49}, abstract = {

Objectives: To demonstrate the Ramadan Pharmaceutical Care System as part of the national pharmacy practice program at the Ministry of Health institutions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a description analysis of Ramadan Pharmaceutical Care System at the Ministry of Health institutions. It was analyzed within the national pharmacy practice program. We used the modified pharmacy business model system and the project management procedure in the report. Results: The Ramadan Pharmaceutical Care program was established with a defined vision, mission and goals. In this project, human, economic and other resources have been described. The risk management was discussed to assure the continuation of the program. Furthermore, we illustrate the monitoring and controlling of the system. The closing stage with conversion to operation project was demonstrated in the Analysis. Conclusion: The Ramadan Pharmaceutical Care system has been implemented and is considered as part of the healthcare system and pharmacy strategic plan. This program has been created to improve pharmacy services provided to the patient and to increase patient satisfaction in the Ministry of Health institutions, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Ministry of Health, Pharmaceutical Care, Ramadan, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/PTB.2019.5.9}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Aljohara Abdullah Adouh and Meshael Ibrahim Alghuraibi} }