@article {154, title = {The Economic Outcomes of Pharmacist Interventions in Total Parenteral Nutrition Services in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biomedical Reports}, volume = {5}, year = {2019}, month = {September 2019}, pages = {S40-S49}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {S40}, abstract = {

Objectives: There are several problems and complications related to the Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) services. The pharmacist plays a crucial role in preventing these problems. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the economic outcomes of pharmacist intervention in cost avoidance related to TPN services at a public hospital in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Cohort prospective analysis of data collected regarding pharmacist intervention in TPN services provided to neonates, pediatrics and adult patients was performed. TPN services were provided 8 hr in a day and 7 days in a week. The study site was a 300-bed public hospital at the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. The pharmacist reviews and prepares TPN and he pharmacist documents any or all TPN-related problems before the preparation of TPN or after dispensing it. The pharmacist uses an International Study Model to measure level of activity and provides rational of clinical intervention, recommendation, patient outcome, impact of pharmacoeconomics and related cost analysis. Results: The pharmacist identified a total of 402 TPN-related problems. The total number of TPN services provided was 394 prescribed to 82 patients. Of these, 209 (51.99\%) and 193 (48.01\%) interventions were provided to males and females, respectively. The total cost avoidance from pharmacist intervention in 1 year was 578,926.89 USD. The highest cost avoidance of TPN interventions was recorded for potentially significant (54.90\%; 100,040.91 USD) and potentially serious problems (33.33\%; 244,696.83 USD). The maximum cost avoidance in the case of rational clinical activities was recorded for TPN consultations (325,695.76 USD) followed by incompatibility (275,802.66) and inappropriate route (189,912.34 USD). The maximum cost avoidance related to patient outcome was recorded for patient condition improved (489,830.93 USD) and laboratory value improved (89,095.96). The maximum pharmacoeconomic cost avoidance impact was the patient duration of hospital stay decreased (226; 332,220.70 USD) and reduction in the drug therapy monitoring (246,227.15 USD). Conclusion: The clinical pharmacist responsible for TPN services plays an essential role in preventing TPN-related problems and avoid the unnecessary economic burden on the healthcare system. Expanding the role TPN clinical pharmacist is highly recommended for all TPN services to reduce the economic burden on healthcare system in Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Economic outcome, Ministry of Health, Pharmacist Intervention, Saudi Arabia, Total Parenteral Nutrition}, doi = {10.5530/PTB.2019.5.36}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Aisha Omar Fallatah and Faiz A. Bahadig and Amjad Ahmad AL Qahtani} } @article {107, title = {National Pharmacist Intervention Documentation System at the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biomedical Reports}, volume = {4}, year = {2018}, month = {September 2018}, pages = {31-33}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {31}, abstract = {

Objective: To review the pharmacist interventions documentation system at the Ministry of Health of Health hospitals and primary care centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Method: It is description analysis of pharmacist interventions documentation system at the Ministry of Health of Health institutions. The system analyzed within the Pharmacy strategic plan 2012-2020. The modified pharmacy business model system and Project Management Procedure used in the analysis. Results: Pharmacist intervention documentation system founded with a clear vision, mission and goals. The project had human or economic and other resources clarified in the review. The risk management was described to assure the continuation of the system. Besides, the monitoring and controlling of the system as illustrated. The closing project stage with convention to operation project demonstrated in the Analysis. Conclusion: The Pharmacist interventions documentation system founded and it is considered as part of Pharmacy administration regulations. The documentation of pharmacist interventions has normal development accordingly at all Ministry of Health institutions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Ministry of Health, Pharmaceutical Care, Pharmacist Intervention, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/PTB.2018.4.11}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Saeed Jamaan Alghamdi and Radi Abdullah Alattyh} }